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Commodity Profile – Turmeric
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Turmeric is a rhizomatous herbaceous plant, botanically know as Curcuma longa. Turmeric
is a native of Tropical south Asia (India). The tuberous rhizomes or underground
stems of turmeric are used from antiquity as condiments, a dye and as an aromatic
stimulant in several medicines. Turmeric is a very important spice in India. Turmeric
oleoresin is obtained by solvent extraction of the ground spice. It is orange-red
in colour and consists of colouring matter, volatile oil, fatty oils and bitter
principles.
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Economic importance
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Turmeric is mainly used as spice or flavourant; colourant of brilliant yellow dye,
cosmetic and drug.
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It has medicinal properties like stomachic, carminative, tonic, blood purifier,
vermicide and antiseptic.
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The active constituent of turmeric is curcumin, which has a wide range of therapeutic
effects.
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Global Scenario
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Turmeric production is distributed across the Asian region and Nigeria in Africa.
Among the Asian countries, turmeric is widely cultivated in India, China, Myanmar
and Bangladesh. India is the largest producer, consumer and exporter of Turmeric.
Other producers in Asia include Pakistan, Taiwan, and Indonesia. Turmeric is also
produced in the Caribbean and Latin America.
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Domestic Scenario
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Indian turmeric has been known to the world since from ancient times. India accounts
for 78% share in world production and 60% in world export share. Turmeric is the
third-largest spice exported from India. Indian turmeric is considered as the best
in the world because of its high curcumin content. Major turmeric growing states
are Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Orissa.
Turmeric is grown as a kharif crop in India. Peak arrival season for turmeric is
between March and April. Nizamabad in Andhra Pradesh is the major trading center
for turmeric and act as reference market for turmeric prices in India.
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 Product Profile
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